English Phrases for a Business Meeting, Plus Quiz

The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 944 Words

Long ago in the quiet town of Salem Massachusetts, witchcraft was of major concern. Throughout the chaos, keeping your name free from the attention of the village was what the townspeople wanted to do The varying degree of pride throughout the village was overpowering. If you could save yourself by throwing the blame on someone else. The Salem Witch Trials brought which out the The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller, a play about vengeance and greed. The Salem Witch Trials also brought out the opportunities to inflict punishment on one s neighbor, attempt to receive others land, and end any lasting arguments.The Witch Trials brought out everyone s inner greed, jealously and the revenge they yearn to seek. Abigail Williams and Elizabeth Proctor are in constant conflict over John Proctor throughout the play. Elizabeth becomes jealous of Abigail after Abigail interacts with John Proctor. There is evidence of this conflict when the wife of Parris says, You did, you did! You drank a charm to kill John Proctor s wife! You drank a charm to kill Goody Proctor! This shows hows there is some inner jealousy involving Abigail s feelings towards Elizabeth and her relationship with John. Abigail and Elizabeth are in this on-going conflict because Abigail s affair with John. Although John Proctor doesn t feel the same was as Abigail does, Abby, I may think of you softly from time to time. But I will cut off my hand before I ll ever reach for you again. Wipe it out of mind.Show MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, AbigailRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1333 Words   |  6 PagesAs the various characters in The Crucible by Arthur Miller interact, the dominant theme of the consequences of women’s nonconformity begins to slide out from behind the curtains of the play. Such a theme reveals the gripping fear that inundated the Puritans during the seventeenth century. This fear led to the famous witch-hunts that primarily terrorized women who deviated from the Puritan vision of absolute obedience and orthodoxy. Arthur Miller presents his interpretation of the suffering by subtlyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn the English dictionary, there are three definitions of the word crucible. One is a metal container in which metals are mixed and melted. Another is a severe test. But the third definition, and the one that I think fits the best for this book, is a place or situation in which different elements interact to create something new. In my mind, this fits because all of the characters had their little grudges and dirty secrets. But when all th ose seemingly little things interact, they formed somethingRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1285 Words   |  6 Pages Rationale, Morality, Stereotypes, Pressure, Self-Censorship, Unanimity, and Mindguards. Groupthink has also taken place in our history a a country. The play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about a the real-life Salem Witch Trials that happened in 1692 - 1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. Some symptoms of Groupthink found in the Crucible are Rationale, Pressure, and Self-Censorship. The Groupthink symptom, Rationale, is described as when victims of Groupthink ignore warnings: they also collectivelyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experiencesRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller811 Words   |  4 Pages While The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, is only a four act play, it still resembles the format of a five act play. The five-act structure evolved from a three-act structure, which was made famous by Roman Aelius Donatus. Donatus came up with thre e types of plays: Protasis, Epitasis, and Catastrophe. The five-act structure helped to expand the three act structure, mainly made famous by Shakespeare through his many tragedies. Even though The Crucible contains only four acts, it still has the commonRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1052 Words   |  5 PagesBuddy Al-Aydi Ms.Healy English 9 CP 14th October 2014 The Crucible Essay The Crucible was a novel written by Arthur Miller in the 1950’s. It was written in a format of the play, portraying an allegory of the Salem Witch-Hunts led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. The book is known to have a inexplicable plot. This plot is advanced by multiple characters in the book in order to ensure that the reader maintains interest with the material that is being read. The farmer, John Proctor, would be the

Resistance to Change in Public Administration

Question: Case study: Ministry of Trade and Industry of the Republic Of Kosovo. Answer: Introduction Republic of Kosovo is a landlocked country located in the central Balkan Peninsula. Republic of Kosovo is located in southeast Europe and it got its independence from Siberia in the year 2008. Republic of Kosovo has faced various political and economic changes continuously from its time of independence (Selimi and Pristina 2015). A public administration reform strategy was launched by the government of Kosovo in the year 2007, which aimed to cover a period of five years. The group of experts on Public Administration Reform (GERAP) drafted this. Covering the eight main areas of Human resource, communication with citizen, Institutional structure, Management in Public Administration, e-Government, Anti-corruption, Public finance management as well as the Policies and legislation (Zeqiri and Ahmeti 2013). These details were framed under the public administration of Republic of Kosovo, which went through various changes in the past (Selimi and Pristina 2015). These Public administrations of Kosovo and its resistance to change would be studied in the context of Ministry of Trade and Industry of the Republic Of Kosovo (Kume and Leskaj 2015). In this assignment, research methodology would be framed to understand the Resistance to Change in the Public Administration in the Republic of Kosovo in context of the Ministry of Trade and Industry of the Republic Of Kosovo (Ramadani et al. 2015). The topic would be explored and hypothesis would be framed under the research objectives. Problem statement The problem statement of this research is the effect of change in public administration of Republic of Kosovo in the ministry of trade and industry. Research objective Republic of Kosovo had undergone various changes in the Public Administration after its independence. In order to frame out the objectives of the research, various factors like the war, difference between the Serbians and Albanians in context of the ethics, political influence on the public administration in the Republic of Kosovo had been studied. The objectives are given below: To know the current Public administration of Republic of Kosovo To know the change of public administration of Republic of Kosovo from the time of independence To have an idea about the ministry of trade and industry in Republic of Kosovo To know the affect on Ministry of Trade and industry of Kosovo due to the resistant to the change in public administration of Republic of Kosovo Research question The research questions of the above objectives are given below: How is the current Public administration of Republic of Kosovo? How did the public administration of Republic of Kosovo change from the time of independence? How is the ministry of trade and industry in Republic of Kosovo? How do the resistant to change in the public administration of Republic of Kosovo affect the Ministry of Trade and Industry of Kosovo? Hypothesis There is a null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for this research, which is given below: H0: There is no affect on the ministry of Trade and Industry in Republic of Kosovo due to the resistant to change in the public administration. H1: There is affect on the ministry of Trade and Industry in Republic of Kosovo due to the resistant to change in the public administration. Literature review Various factors influence the change in public administration of Republic of Kosovo. According to the viewpoint of Nagy (2015), various factors like political, social, demographic and legal situation prevail in the country. These situations lead to amendments of the policies of public administrations of the country. Post war, the country Republic of Kosovo, faced several major challenges to resolve the resultant crisis. Republic of Kosovo underwent various administrative changes in order to strike a balance in the country. These changes had triggered changes in the ministry of Trade and Industry in Republic of Kosovo. As per the viewpoint of Selimi and Pristina (2015), during the period of post-conflict in Kosovo, new public administration had been built since 1999 until there was a reform in the administration, which was a challenging period for Kosovo. The reform in public administration of Kosovo had been manifested in two ways; firstly with the relation to its structure of its self-development and secondly; with respect to the functions it performs, effects of its work and services offered to the citizens and institutions (Zeqiri and Ahmeti 2013). Kosovo had also implemented technology in their public administration policies. They have implemented e-government in all categories of government fast services. In context of the viewpoint of Nakrois (2015), it was seen that this e-governance had fulfilled citizens daily requirement at any time and at any distance. This reform had also affected the Ministry of trade and industry of Republic of Kosovo. There was change in administration and policies of Ministry of trade and industry of Republic of Kosovo. These reforms had initiated various resistant from the people of Kosovo. The government of Kosovo had made it easier for the foreign investments in their country. Ministry of Trade and Industry had recently met Mr. Gerd Herman Horst, the head of the textile company Bodet Horst GmbH from Germany and they have expressed their interest in investing in Kosovo. According to the viewpoint of SOTIROPOULOS (2013), it was seen that this investment would benefit the people of the country as they would have job opportunities to work under these foreign countries. As per the viewpoint of Miteva-Kacarski (2016), it was found that these were the positive changes in the public administration of Republic of Kosovo. It was seen that these changes took place constantly over the years from the time of birth of this country. Public administration had become an instrument for the government to deal with the general social problems. According to the viewpoint of Mehmeti (2014), there are various problems faced by Republic of Kosovo post declaration of independence in 2008. Republic of Kosovo is the poorest country in Europe and 45% of its population officially lives below the poverty line. 17% of its population are extremely poor as per the records of World Bank. As opined by LonÄ ar (2016), it was found that Republic of Kosovo was economically already weak country. Changes in the public administration were necessary for the growth of the economy of the country. As per the viewpoint of Kume and Leskaj (2015), it was found that the country faced several resistant to the changes in public administrations. Factors like poor economic policies, international sanctions, little access to finances and external trades, and conflicts between various ethnics possessed resistant to the changes in the public administrations. These factors had also triggered changes within the ministry of trade and industry in the Republic of Kosovo. The ministry of trade and industry had reformed its policies in order to upgrade their economy in the upcoming years. The new policies had agitated the people of Republic of Kosovo and they have resisted to the changes in the policies. As opined by Joireman (2016), it was seen that there was a strong increase in 2000 and 2001in the period of post war. This was due to the post war reconstruction and the assistance provided by the foreign countries. This growth was found to be negative in the year 2002. From the period of 2003 to 2011, there was an upward trajectory of the growth despite declination of the foreign assistance to Republic of Kosovo (Aspridis and Petrelli 2016). This upward trajectory growth was due to the change in public administration, which had invited various reforms in the policies of every departments of Republic of Kosovo (Nagy 2015). The trade and Industry department of Republic of Kosovo had also reformed its terms and conditions. This had invited various countries for foreign direct investment. Countries like if Germany invested 292 million; United Kingdom invested 251 million and Slovenia invested 195 million (Fejza et al 2016). Austria invested 133 million; Switzerland invested 115 million; the Netherlands invested 109 million, Albania invested 70 million, Turkey invested 64 million, the United States invested 31 million, and France invested 5 million (Fejza et al 2016). According to the viewpoint of House (2014), it was seen that Foreign Direct Investment contributes a relatively small amount to the economy to Republic of Kosovo, but it possess an important part in the up gradation of the economy of Republic of Kosovo. Resistance to the change in legal and political factors had resulted in slow system of privatisation prior to independence (Miteva-Kacarski 2016). This had hampered in the progress of the Trade and industry for Republic of Kosovo. As per the viewpoint of Jacobs et al. (2013), Republic of Kosovo houses various young workforces who had been exposed to Western European culture and their linguistic standards are high. These qualities of the people of Republic of Kosovo remained unexplored due to the lack of opportunities of the exposure (Zeqiri and Ahmeti 2013). Despite various resistant to the reforms in public administrations, government took various steps to upgrade their policies and increase the economy of the country (Aspridis and Petrelli 2016). Policies were reformed and the Ministry of Trade and Industry of Republic of Kosovo implemented laws to trade with foreign countries and build industry at Republic of Kosovo (Ramadani et al. 2015). These reforms would lead to more of employment and increase the economy of the country in near future. The government of Republic of Kosovo had to make their people understand about the positive sides of the changes in the public administration (HETZMANN 2014). Eradicating the resistance to the change in public administration would help Republic of Kosovo to upgrade their economy further. The citizens of Kosovo require liberalization in their trade so that they can decrease the imbalance in the trade with foreign countries. Recently, there was an agreement between the European Union and future trade preferences that will provide assistance to the trade between Kosovo and European Union (Ramadani et al. 2015). This assistance would help Republic of Kosovo to strengthen their business and upgrade their economy. The CEFTA Agreement Kosovo has been implemented and it is being used by the country to be in a better situation than before. The ministry of Trade and Industry had been trying to change their policies further in order to have an economically stronger country in near future (Selimi and Pristina 2015). Methodology The research methodology of this topic includes collection of data of the Public administration of Republic of Kosovo for types of resistance to change in Kosovo, how had these changes been motivated and the role of management in creating the resistance in the recent years. This also includes analysis of the collected data and its interpretation. Data collection The method of data collection includes collection of both quantitative and qualitative variables about the Public administration of Republic of Kosovo. This includes collection of data about the types of resistance to change in Kosovo, how had these changes been motivated and the role of management in creating the resistance recently (Nakrois 2015). The data would be collected from the government of Republic of Kosovo (Hendriks 2012). Both qualitative and quantitative data would be collected for these variables (Aspridis and Petrelli 2016). Collecting data for these variables would give an idea about trades and industry in Republic of Kosovo and its change over time (Ramadani et al. 2015). This is because the level of trades and industry of any country gives an idea about the types of resistance to change in Kosovo, how had these changes been motivated and the role of management in creating the resistance of the country. Primary data would be used in order to complete the research. Data would be collected by interviewing the citizens of Republic of Kosovo (Cierco 2013). The citizens would be so chosen who not the natives of Republic of Kosovo are. They would be enquired about the types of rsistance they made to the changes in public administration of Kosovo. They would also be asked about the reason behind the rsistance they made to the changes in public administration of Kosovo. The respondents would be enquired about the difference in their cultures they faced, difference in the communications they faced and the change in their work environment they faced after coming to Kosovo for work (Nakrois 2015). The respondents would be enquired about the role of the management in creating the rsistance. Thus, both qualitative and quantitative data would be collected for the above variables. Methods of analysis The data collected for the survey undergo various methods of analysis. The analysis includes qualitative analysis as well as quantitative analysis. Quantitative analysis includes methods of frequency (Selimi and Pristina 2015). The frequency of the each type of rsistance made by the respondents of Republic of Kosovo would be calculated (Beha 2015). The frequency of the methods of motivations of these changes would be counted (Gro 2015). The types of roles played by the management to create the rsistance would also be analysed by the method of frequency. The degree of resistance made by the workers at Republic of Kosovo, the degree of motivation faced for the rsistance and the degree of the involvement of the management in the resistance to change in public administration would be analysed. These analyses would be done by qualitative analysis methods (Gro and Grimm 2014). These frequencies and the qualitative analysis methods would be used for comparative study for further analysis. Data analysis and interpretation The country had faced various resistant to the change in its public administrations and it had changed various policies regarding the trade and industry within the country. These resistant can be political factors or social factors that prevailed in the country (Zeqiri and Ahmeti 2013). The resistant to the changes in the public administration must have affected the trade and industry of Republic of Kosovo, which in turn had affected the economy of the country (Bajraktari et al. 2014). Collection of the qualitative and quantitative data of the variables mentioned above would an idea about types of resistance to change in Kosovo, how these changes had been motivated and the role of management in creating the resistance (Fejza et al 2016). The frequency methods of study would be used to analyse the collected data and this method would provide the idea about the various types of resistance faced by the government due to the change in public administration in context of the ministry of t rade and industry (Arraiza 2014). The extent of the affect of ministry of trade and industry due to the change and resistant of change in public administration for Republic of Kosovo would be understood from the qualitative analysis (Ramadani et al. 2015). Ethical consideration Various ethics would be considered in order to complete the research. These ethics are important in order to abide by the rights of the citizens. The ethical considerations are given below: Consent/ Assent of the government- The primary data collected from interviewing the citizens of Republic of Kosovo, consent of the respondents must be taken in order to use the collected data and publish them in the research (Fejza et al 2016). Without the consent of the citizens, the researcher might fall into legal trouble if he publishes the data in the research. Confidentiality- The researcher must maintain the confidentiality of any information collected from the respondents if the respondents ask him to do so. This maintains the interest of the respondnets and the researcher as well. Honesty- Another important ethical consideration that must be considered while conducting the research is the honesty of the researcher (Ramadani et al. 2015). The researcher should be honest about the aim of his research. The researcher must tell the respondents about the purpose of the collection of data and present the original purpose of the use (Selimi and Pristina 2015). The use of data and the analysis of the data should not be fake and the researcher should be honest in his approach. Openness- The researcher must be open about the pros and cons of the research when he had collected the data from interviewing the respondents. The researcher should also be open about the various risks present in the research and analysis (Ramadani et al. 2015). He should present these risks, pros and cons to the respondents as the data includes the data collected from interviewing the researcher. Not being open about the aim of the research and the reason behind collecting the primary data from the respondents might lead the researcher into legal trouble. Cultural issues- The researcher must consider the data for various cultures present in Republic of Kosovo. The data should be collected from different regions of Republic of Kosovo and he should not be biased while collecting the data (Aspridis and Petrelli 2016). Objectivity- The objectivity of the researcher must be to avoid biasness in the experiments. The researcher must not have any personal or financial interests in the research. The researcher must be sincere and he should strive for consistency in the research (Zeqiri and Ahmeti 2013). Expected outcome and implications The outcome that is expected from this research is that there are various psychological, sociological and organisational factors that had tigered the resistance to the changes in the public administration of Republic of Kosovo. It is expected that some of the employees could have resigned from their company, some had debarred from doing their work, some have thought of speaking with the management to solve the issues while some have thought to take violence. It is expected that the management of trades and industries and the Ministry of Trade and Industry had played a major role in creating the resistance of change in the public administration of the country. It is also expected that the management of trade and industry of Republic of Kosovo did nto motivate their workers prior to the changes. They had implemented the changes and had forced the workers to follow them. Moreover, the communication gap, cultural and psychological differences had created misunderstanding between the mana gement and the workers, which had created the rsistance in change in the public administration in Republic of Kosovo. References Arraiza, J.M., 2014. Language education policies in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia and Kosovo. Aspridis, G. and Petrelli, M., 2016, February. When the EU met the western Balkans: Ready for the wedding?. InAn Elusive Target: The EU Perspective of the Western Balkans(pp. 144-165). Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Co. KG. Bajraktari, A., Petutschnigg, A., Ymeri, M., Candan, Z., Korkut, S., Nunes, L. and Pereira, H., 2014. Forest Resources and Sawmill Structure of Kosovo: State of the Art and Perspectives.Drvna industrija,65(4), pp.323-327. Beha, A., 2015. Disputes over the 15-point agreement on normalization of relations between Kosovo and Serbia.Nationalities Papers,43(1), pp.102-121. Cierco, T., 2013. Public administration reform in Macedonia.Communist and Post-Communist Studies,46(4), pp.481-491. Fejza, A., Kryeziu, Z., Kadrija, K. and Musa, M., 2016. Pharmacy students knowledge and attitudes about antibiotics in Kosovo.Pharmacy practice,14(1). Gro, L. and Grimm, S., 2014. The external-domestic interplay in democracy promotion: a case study on public administration reform in Croatia.Democratization,21(5), pp.912-936. Gro, L., 2015. The journey from global to local: norm promotion, contestation and localisation in post-war Kosovo.Journal of International Relations and Development,18(3), pp.311-336. Hendriks, C.J., 2012. Integrated Financial Management Information Systems: Guidelines for effective implementation by the public sector of South Africa.SA journal of information management,14(1), pp.9-pages. HETZMANN, D., 2014. The status of Kosovo from the Kosovar Albanians point of view.Military Science Review/Hadtudomnyi Szemle,7(3). House, F., 2014. Nations in Transit 2014-Kosovo. Jacobs, G., van Witteloostuijn, A. and Christe-Zeyse, J., 2013. A theoretical framework of organizational change.Journal of Organizational Change Management,26(5), pp.772-792. Joireman, S.F., 2016. External Conditionalities and Institutional Change Constructing Constituencies for the Rule of Law in Kosovo.East European Politics Societies,30(2), pp.315-331. Kume, V. and Leskaj, E., 2015. Beyond Organizational Diagnosis, Comparisons between Albania and Kosovo Case of Tax Directorate.Administratie si Management Public, (24), p.26. LonÄ ar, J., 2016. State-building and local resistance in Kosovo: Minority exclusion through inclusive legislation.Communist and Post-Communist Studies. Mehmeti, V.A.L.B.O.N.A., 2014. Improving the Business Climate of Albania EU Integration as a Surrogate for an Efficient Public Administration and Simplified Legal Framework.Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development,1(1), pp.20-25. Miteva-Kacarski, E., 2016. Analysis of the Trade Relations between Republic Of Macedonia and Republic of Kosovo.Journal of Economics,1(1). Nagy, A., 2015. KOSOVO AS A FUTURE MEMBER OF THE WTO.European Scientific Journal. Nakrois, V., 2015. The Influence of Government Priorities on Public-Administration Reforms in Europe1.NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy,8(1), pp.21-40. Ramadani, V., Gashi, G., Fiti, T. and Humolli, B., 2015. Family Businesses in the Trade Sector: An Examination of a Case Study from Kosovo. InFamily Businesses in Transition Economies(pp. 319-329). Springer International Publishing. Rossi, M., 2014. Ending the impasse in Kosovo: partition, decentralization, or consociationalism?.Nationalities Papers,42(5), pp.867-889. Selimi, B. and Pristina, K., 2015. Illegal Serbian Structures in the Republic of Kosovo Why these structures are illegal and not paralel?. SOTIROPOULOS, D.A., 2013. From an Omnipresent and Strong to a Big and Weak State: Democratization and State Reform in Southeastern.Is Southeastern Europe Doomed to Instability?: A Regional Perspective, p.63. Zeqiri, N. and Ahmeti, F., 2013. Organizational Loyalty and Commitment in Telecommunication Companies: Case of Kosovo.European Journal of Scientific Research (EJSR),115(4). Expected outcome and implications

Keith Porter Is Gay Essays - Gay, Same-sex Sexuality,

Keith Porter Is Gay As they look over the world's painful panorama of war and terror, some people conclude that it is too late, that no amount of information or activity could possibly follow through on the critical work that has already begun. But those who take that pessimistic view understand neither Mr. Gay Keith Porter nor his current rung on the ladder to total power. What follows is a call to action for those of us who care -- a large enough number to improve the physical and spiritual quality of life for the population at present and for those yet to come. On the surface, it would seem merely that his position that we should abandon the institutionalized and revered concept of democracy is based upon a specious argument without any substantive basis. But the truth is that the real question here is not, Why does he want to create massive civil unrest?. The real question is rather, Where are the people who are willing to stand up and acknowledge that he is a card-carrying member of the Hypocrisy C lub? The complete answer to that question is a long, sad story. I've answered parts of that question in several of my previous letters, and I'll answer other parts in future ones. For now, I'll just say that he wants to goad paltry pamphleteers into hurling epithets at his enemies. Who does he think he is? I mean, I have a dream, a mission, a set path that I would like to travel down. Specifically, my goal is to tell him where he can stick it. Of course, I have to wonder where he got the idea that it is my view that all minorities are poor, stupid ghetto trash. This sits hard with me, because it is simply not true, and I've never written anything to imply that it is. If we don't soon tell Gay Keith to stop what he's doing, he will proceed with his hypocritical ramblings, considerably emboldened by our lack of resistance. We will have tacitly given Gay Keith our permission to do so. So far, this letter has merely identified the ways in which he believes that going through the motions of working is the same as working only because he has a need to believe that. Now, let me shift gears and start telling you about how he thinks that he is a bearer and agent of the Creator's purpose. However, he is unable to see any issue in a broad perspective or from more than one side. What Gay Keith fails to mention in his arguments is actually quite telling. For example, did you know that Gay Keith wants to detach individuals from traditional sources of strength and identity -- family, class, private associations? Or that the Gay Keith Porter Foundation's latest report on judgemental recidivism is filled with fabrications, half-truths, innuendo, and guilt by association? If I said that it is villainous to question his sophistries, I'd be a liar. But I'd be being totally honest if I said that all Gay Keith really wants is to hang onto the perks he's getting from the system. That's all he really cares about. People have pointed out to me that he makes assertions that strain credulity, but I still can't help but think that by refusing to act, by refusing to seek some structure in which the cacophony introduced by his crusades might be systematized, reconciled, and made rational, we are giving him the power to let us know exactly what our attitudes should be towards various types of people and behavior. Is there anyone else out there who's noticed that everything Gay Keith tells you is a lie? I ask because he has recently been going around claiming that cannibalism, wife-swapping, and the murder of infants and the elderly are acceptable behavior. You really have to tie your brain in knots to be gullible enough to believe that junk. He is an opportunist. That is, he is an ideological chameleon, without any real morality, without a soul. Just think: Whenever anyone states the obvious -- that the word on the street is that Gay Keith's apparatchiks are profoundly influenced by what Gay

How Managers Should Treat Employees

How Managers Should Treat Employees Introduction Increased productivity is a major goal for all organizations and companies. This is especially the case in the current economic environment where a lot of competitive forces exist and each business has to look for means to avoid being forced out of the market. The management of an organization is critical in ensuring that the goals of increased productivity are met.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on How Managers Should Treat Employees specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Managers are the individuals who are charged with the important task of organizing the human resources of an organization to ensure growth and development (Pugh Hickson, 2007). However, these managers have to work through employees so as to accomplish organizational goals. It is therefore in the best interest of the manager to ensure that the employees are successful in their tasks. Invariably, they act in differing ways in their que st to get increase employee productivity. While some are aggressive and stern, others are caring and set out to command the respect of their employees. Each approach used by the manager has different outcomes since the manner in which managers treat their employees affects the output obtained from them. This paper will set out to demonstrate that a manager who is considerate and respectful to his employees will get higher productivity than one who engages in aggressive behavior towards his staff. The paper will also suggest leadership styles and other approaches that managers can use to increase employee productivity and therefore aid in the increased profitability of the organization. Effects of Aggression on Employees Positive effects Aggressive behavior by the manager can at times yield in improved employee performance. This is because such behavior will prompt the employees to act in a desirable manner. For example, a manager can make use of negative consequences so as to modify the behavior of his employees to what he/she sees as desirable. This desirable behavior will ideally result in higher productivity for the organization. Fournies (1999) reveals that punishments work since employees will be keen to decrease the frequency of the behavior that brings about the negative consequence. People who receive negative consequences become more apprehensive and are therefore more likely to avoid making future mistakes. The manager will also benefit from using punishments since other employees are less likely to engage in the behavior that brought about punishment to their co-worker.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fournies (1999) asserts that it is sometimes necessary for the manager to be strict and uncompromising with his staff. Such a stance might be necessary when the manager is fulfilling Fayol’s commanding role which is th e process of â€Å"maintaining activity among the personnel in order to obtain the optimum returns from the employees (Pugh Hickson, 2007, p.145). In this role, the best results are achieved if the manager is able to push his staff to work according to set schedules. The manager might find it necessary to be strict and stern so as to obtain the best results. Being stern may also be productive when the manager wishes to express the severity of a situation. Negative Effects Using punishments will decrease the frequency of the behavior that is causing the punishment (which is undesirable) to the employees. However, using punishments to modify the behavior of employees may have some negative repercussions. Fournies (1999) demonstrates that punishments may cause employees to react aggressively by holding work back, causing disruptive actions or even sabotaging work performance. These actions by the employees will be aimed at reducing performance and therefore injuring the boss or his/h er reputation. Fournies (1999) suggests that instead of using punishments to modify employee behavior, it would be more beneficial to use positive reinforcement to increase the desirable employee behavior. Managers who display aggressive, belittling and blaming behavior towards the employees under their command obtain devastating effect. Research indicates that such behavior results in increased job dissatisfaction and it might also lead to high turnover rates among employees. In addition to this, employees engage in deviance behavior which is primarily aimed at hurting the reputation of the aggressive boss. Donaldson-Feilder, Lewis and Yarker (2011) go on to reveal that aggressive behavior by managers results in a range of psychological outcomes such as anxiety, depression, burnout and somatic health complaints in the employees. Such outcomes further reduce the performance of the employees and therefore reduce the overall productivity of the organization. Effects of Considerate Tre atment Genuine concern for the employees by the manager will increase the productivity of the workers significantly. Research by Kellerman (2007) demonstrated that when managers showed concern for their staff, the staff reciprocated by increased productivity. The reason for this is that all employees at some point experience levels of stress and even de-motivation as they carry out their work.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on How Managers Should Treat Employees specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When the manager shows concern, the employees feel that he/she can identify with their circumstances. They will therefore be more willing to be guided by such a manager and work hard to achieve the set goals and objectives. Another considerate treatment that the manager can use to increase employee productivity is to show consideration for work-life balance. Employees suffer from conflicts between work and non-work res ponsibilities with such conflicts resulting in stress and burnout. Donaldson-Feilder et al. (2011) reveals that stress and overwork are increasing in prevalence among today’s workforce. Anderson et al. (2002) demonstrates that stress and burnout result in cognitive difficulties and lead to decreased performance of the employees. Work-life balance has therefore gained great significance since this stress and overwork has a negative impact on the productivity of the workers. Research indicates that provision of work-life practices has the potential of generating positive attitudes by the employees towards the manager and by extension the organization (Donaldson-Feilder et al., 2011). When employees perceive that the manager is treating them fairly, the social exchange theory explains that they will feel obliged to reciprocate by engaging in behavior that is beneficial to the manager. They will therefore be more willing to increase performance and therefore achieve set organizat ional goals. Approaches for increasing production Managers are tasked with marshalling the organizations’ resources to accomplish some goals and it is therefore imperative that they be able to make sure that their employees have a high degree of motivation in their performance. Motivation is defined by Martocchio (2005) as â€Å"the process of arousing, directing and maintaining behavior towards a goal (p.22). An important point to consider is that motivations should not only be restricted to monetary benefits. While it is true that money is the core motivating factor for many employees, there are other important aspects that employees look at.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Donaldson-Feilder, et al. (2011) suggests that many employees are also concerned about their professional growth. A manager who considers this will take on a mentoring role to the employee and also ensure that the employees are provided with schedules that improve and encourage growth. Managers should also engage in regular evaluations of the performance of their employees. These evaluations should be aimed at improving the productivity of individual employees. It is therefore critical for the manager to provide feedback on the evaluations to the staff. Moss and Sanchez (2004) reveal that the manner in which the manager delivers feedback determines whether it will aid or hinder improvement. While failures are bound to be observed in employees, this should be seen as learning opportunities. The manager should therefore try to capture and reveal to the employee the lesson behind any failure (Moss Sanchez, 2004). The manager should ensure that there are set performance standards which the employees should seek to achieve. Performance evaluations should then be measured by these set standards as opposed to comparing employees’ performances against each other. Donaldson-Feilder et al. (2011) note that there are times when a manager may feel overwhelmed and fail to control their negative emotions to the team. In such a situation, it is crucial for the manager to be honest and communicate with the employees what happened. Even more important is that the manager should have the capacity to take responsibility and apologize for their behavior. Apologizing for poor behavior will show employees that the manager is willing to take responsibility for his actions and it will reestablish the perceived integrity of the manager. Many performance problems are blamed on poor communication between managers and employees. Communication is critical for the success of all relationships and its prominence in organizations cannot be over emphasized. Lack of communication by ma nagers may cause low levels of morale among the staff (Fournies, 1999). This is especially the case when there are increased levels of uncertainty about what is going on in the organization. Through open and regular communication, the manager can boost the level of confidence that employees have in the organization and therefore foster positive attitudes. Most managers only talk to their employees when they are issuing instructions or when the employees have done something wrong. This makes it hard for employees to know when they have done a good job since the manager does not provide any feedback at such times. The level of engagement that employees have to the organizations is determined by communication. Kellerman (2007) demonstrates that managers who communicate to their employees on a frequent basis foster followers who are passionately committed and deeply involved in the organizational affairs. Managers should make use of motivating language so as to increase employee job sat isfaction and performance. Leadership Styles for Increasing Productivity A leadership approach that would be beneficial for increasing employee performance is transformational leadership. This style is highly favored by many Western nations and the transformational leader looks for â€Å"potential motives in followers, seeks to satisfy higher needs, and engages the full person of the follower† (Harris Nelson 2007, p.356). A manager who practices transformation leadership is able to not only steer the followers towards achieving set goals but also identify with their needs and concerns both at the job and outside. Such a manager is able to show consideration to his followers. This will require the manager to take on the role of a considerate leader that is; one who is able to show concern and respect for his followers. Donaldson-Feilder et al. (2011) articulate that this kind of leaders is able to look out for the welfare of his staff and express appreciation and support for their efforts. This leadership behavior is associated with many positive employee outcomes including: higher job satisfaction, reduced burnout and tension and most importantly, increased performance and productivity. In addition to this, research indicates that considerate behavior by managers has been consistently linked with improved employee well-being. The transactional leadership approach can also assist the manager to obtain superior results from his employees. Harris and Nelson (2007) define this form of leadership as one where the interaction between leaders and subordinates is characterized by a transactional exchange of rewards for services. The manager is about to offer rewards such as promotions, granting favors, and continued employment in exchange for continued good performance by the employee. This approach helps the manager to get the most out of employees since it clarifies to the staff what is expected of them (Harris Nelson, 2007). However, the manager should ens ure that the set goals are tangible, verifiable, and measurable. If the manager sets goals that are too aggressive, the employees will be discouraged and may therefore not even try to reach them. Creating Boundaries While it is important for the manager to establish a good relationship with the staff, it is important for work boundaries to be set. Without boundaries, the employees may fail to afford the manager the respect that is required for his/her to fulfill his managerial duties effectively. Donaldson-Feilder (2011) suggests that boundaries can be established by ensuring that employees follow protocol when they wish to bring up issues with the manager. In addition to this, the manager should be afforded the authority that comes with his position with the organization. In disputes between or among employees, the manager should act as the dispute handler. Conflicts are a reality in all environments where people are working together. Martocchio (2005) declares that while contentio us issues are bound to occur in all organizations, the way in which these conflicts are handled may influence the future success or failure of the organization. A manager who is skilled at conflict resolution will be able to reconcile fighting employees and therefore ensure that disputes do not hamper productivity. Conclusion The success of an organization depends on the productivity of its workforce. With this consideration, this paper set out to discuss how managers should treat employees so as to get more productivity from them. This paper has conclusively shown that managers who are aggressive and use punishment to try and increase performance from their employees fail. Instead, managers who establish relationships with their employees and make use of positive reinforcement are more successful in getting increased productivity. Transformational leadership and transactional leadership have been highlighted as two leadership styles that can be used to increase performance from emp loyees. The workplace is full of many stressful situations and an understanding and considerate manager will motivate his employees to increase their performance. The paper has underscored the important role that communication plays in motivating employees. By applying the approaches highlighted in this paper, the manager can increase employee performance and therefore achieve the desirable goal of increased organization productivity. References Anderson, S., Coffey, B. Byerly, R. (2002). Formal organizational initiatives and informal workplace practices: Links to work-life conflict and job-related outcomes. Journal of Management, 28(6), 787-810. Donaldson-Feilder, E., Lewis, R. Yarker, J. (2011). Preventing stress in organizations: how to develop positive managers. Boston: John Wiley Sons. Fournies, F.F. (1999). Coaching for improved work performance. NY: McGraw-Hill Professional. Harris, T.E. Nelson, M. (2007). Applied organizational communication: theory and practice in a glo bal environment. London: Taylor Francis. Kellerman, B. (2007). What Every Leader needs to know About Followers. Harvard Business Review, 85(12), 84-91. Martocchio, J. J. (2005). Research in personnel and human resources management. Washington: Emerald Group Publishing. Moss, S.E. Sanchez, J.I. (2004). Are your employees avoiding you? Managerial strategies for closing the feedback gap. Academy of Management Executive, 18 (1), 34-54. Pugh, D. Hickson, J. (2007). Great writers on organization. NY: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Lean thinking (Layout Planning) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

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Globalization, Outsourcing, Off-shoring, and Offshore Outsourcing Essay

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