Profile of Students With Existential Intelligence

Profile of Students With Existential Intelligence Existential knowledge is the labelâ education researcher Howard Gardner provided for understudies who think rationally. This existential intelligenceâ is one of manyâ multiple intelligencesâ that Garner distinguished. Every one of these marks for various insights... ...reports the degree to which understudies have various types of psyches and consequently learn, recollect, perform, and comprehend in various ways,â (1991). Existential knowledge includes a people capacity to utilize aggregate qualities and instinct to get others and their general surroundings. Individuals who exceed expectations in this knowledge ordinarily can see the 10,000 foot view. Thinkers, scholars and holistic mentors are among those that Gardner sees as having high existential knowledge. The Big Picture in his 2006 book, Multiple Intelligences: New Horizons in Theory and Practice, Gardner gives the speculative case of Jane, who runs an organization called Hardwick/Davis. While her supervisors manage the everyday operational issues, Janes work is to guide the entire boat, says Gardner. She should keep up a more extended term viewpoint, consider the conductions of theâ marketplace, set a general heading, adjust her assets and motivate her representatives and clients to remain ready. As it were, Jane needs to see the 10,000 foot view; she needs to imagine the future the future needs of the company,â customers, and commercial center and guide the association inâ that course. That capacity to see the master plan might be an unmistakable knowledge the existential insight says Gardner. Contemplating the Most Fundamental Questions of Existence Gardner, aâ developmental analyst and an educator at the Harvard Graduate School of Education,â is in reality somewhat uncertain about remembering the existential domain for his nine insights. It was not one of the first seven insights that Gardner recorded in his fundamental 1983 book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. In any case, following an extra two many years of exploration, Gardner chose to incorporate existential knowledge. This possibility for insight depends on the human proclivity to consider the most basic inquiries of presence. For what reason do we live? For what reason do we bite the dust? Where do we originate from? What will transpire? Gardner asked in his later book. I now and then state that these are questions that rise above recognition; they concern gives that are too huge or little to be seen by our five tangible frameworks. Renowned People With High Existential Intelligence Of course, significant figures in history are among the individuals who might be said to have high existential insight, including: Socrates: This popular Greek savant created the Socratic strategy, which includes asking ever-more profound inquiries trying to go to a comprehension of reality or possibly to refute untruths.Buddha: His name actually implies one who is alert, as indicated by the Buddhist Center. Conceived in Nepal, Buddha educated in India most likely between the 6th and fourth hundreds of years B.C. He established Buddhism, a religion that depends on looking for higher truths.Jesus Christ. The author of one of the universes significant religions, Christ, stood up against business as usual in first-century Jerusalemâ and set forward the confidence in a higher being, God, who has the unceasing truth.St. Augustine: An early Christian scholar, St. Augustine put together quite a bit of his way of thinking with respect to the lessons of Plato, a Greek thinker who proposed the possibility that there is a theoretical truth that his higher and more complete than what we observer in the genuine, blemished w orld. Life ought to be spent seeking after this theoretical truth, both Plato and St. Augustine accepted. Notwithstanding inspecting the 10,000 foot view, regular characteristics in those with existential insight include: an enthusiasm for inquiries concerning life, demise and past; a capacity to look past the faculties to clarify marvels; and a longing to be a pariah while simultaneously indicating a solid enthusiasm for society and everyone around them. Improving This Intelligence in the Classroom Through this insight, specifically, may appear to be exclusive, there are ways that educators and understudies can upgrade and reinforce existential knowledge in the homeroom, including: Make associations between what is being realized and the world outside the classroom.Provide understudies with reviews to help their longing to see the huge picture.Have understudies take a gander at a subject from various purposes of view.Have understudies sum up the data learned in a lesson.Have understudies make exercises to show their cohorts data. Gardner, himself, provides some guidance concerning how to saddle existential knowledge, which he sees as a characteristic attribute in most children. In any general public where addressing is endured, kids bring up these existential issues since the beginning however they don't generally listen near the appropriate responses. As an instructor, urge understudies to keep posing those huge inquiries and afterward help them to discover the appropriate responses.

LVMH: Managing the Multi-Brand Conglomerate Essay

1. LVMH’s expansion speaks to the group’s solid nearness in the extravagance merchandise showcase overall with items from the design and cowhide range, wines and spirits range, watches and adornments range, aromas and beautifying agents extend, lastly the specific retailing range. This methodology means to guarantee piece of the pie in advertise portions that are interrelated with the particular client fragment as the shared factor. LVMH is a market chief in certain business sectors and has a better than average piece of the pie in others and means to be the pioneer in the extravagance advertise all in all where the first class clients can perceive its brands from the entirety of its item extends and the organization intends to fabricate brand steadfastness inside those clients with the goal that a client who picks LVMH for looks for example, is likewise disposed to pick a LVMH item for wine and spirits. Broadening likewise spreads the company’s costs over variou s brands and the incomes too with the goal that it can generally safeguard great pace of return for financial specialists. 2. For an organization like LVMH to contend on a degree that incorporates champagne, gems, style, beautifying agents, and retailing is sensible and even important for it to keep a serious edge since its rivals have executed a similar system to battle for piece of the pie in the extravagance showcase in the entirety of its portions. The company’s approach plans to construct the thought in their customers’ heads that they can generally expect the equivalent reliable top of the line quality while picking any brand that is possessed or related by LVMH and since tip top clients, or just clients searching for certain items for extravagance living, ordinarily need to wear excellent adornments to coordinate their great design wear or even appreciate the utilization of top notch spirits, they can generally have the brand picture of LVMH in their minds since they expect that the nature of the gems or the wine will coordinate the nature of the style wear they are wearing. 3. LVMH increases the value of its various organizations by going down the ability that made its unique items ageless to the brands that are moderately more up to date with the goal that quality is predictable all through its various brands. The organization does this through HR offices that haveâ an eye for abilities for configuration just as the perfect individuals to gain proficiency with the company’s strategies and to actualize them so the working of the gathering stays steady. The worth chain for LVMH starts with buying crude materials for them to make their item, which obviously, they have picked up aptitude and administration even in certain fragments. In activities, took care of broadly in France and Spain, they endeavor to go after cost authority. Next comes coordinations, which is for the most part ocean courses and they endeavor to have their items conveyed in opportune style so they can fulfill client needs which now and again surpasses flexibly realizing that ma king very good quality extravagance items is tedious. Next is showcasing, where they generally rely upon their brands’ notable characteristics to elevate themselves to effectively steadfast clients and to more up to date clients looking for extravagance products. At long last, in administration, HR can generally guarantee the best retail outlet organizations and great deals and after-deals administrations. 4. When all is said in done, LVMH have their worth chain synergized in the case of buying, activities, innovation, deals and promoting, circulation, and administrations however since their multi-image technique is exceptionally decentralized (this is because of the conviction of keeping the autonomous character of the brand and its imaginative procedure), yet innovation can be best synergized in this sense just to control quality and regulate the inventive procedure while simultaneously guaranteeing the imaginative procedures stay free and very much sponsored. 5. LVMH’s center capability starts in its item and administration quality which is history ageless and is as of now penetrated the extravagance showcase in general either as a market head or a solid contender for advertise initiative. This by itself gives the brands a solid upper hand and appeal. Another center ability is advancement. LVMH’s brands and brilliant brand obtaining methodology has seen it house some significant style names that are verifiably known for development (Luis Vuitton, Givenchy, Tag Heuer etc†¦) just as employing probably the most world-prestige originators (model: Marc Jacobs). With this in customers’ minds, they can generally expect advancement from the company’s effectively settled brands just as their recently gained or advertised brands. LVMH composes preparing and aptitudes advancement workshops that guarantee they generally stay serious and pioneers in development, imagination, and extravagance claim. Their controlled distributionâ networks, broad promoting action, and their quality in all the extravagance advertises additionally gives the organization overall a serious edge. 6. LVMH has abused its center skill in its different enhancement moves and vital acquisitions in an entirely sensible and intelligent way. The enhancement moves have stayed reliable with the company’s picture since it has expanded distinctly into business sectors and items which the organization saw as â€Å"luxury† according to the client. The organization has enough information available and they realize client tastes and conduct and it additionally utilizes the current foundation to advance their enhanced items. The equivalent can be said about the key acquisitions as they for the most part procure a brand dependent on its fit with LVMH’s existing product offerings or if that isn't the situation, they may get a brand for a specific trademark or resource they think they have to acquire upper hand which might be utilized either in the recently obtained brand or their current brands. It is additionally essential to take note of that recently gained organizations have significantly added to the company’s incomes over the ongoing years and investors have, too, profited by the broadening technique of LVMH. 7. LVMH deals with its differentiated domain by executing a decentralized administration procedure to deal with its numerous various brands. The majority of them appreciate a lot of independence on the grounds that in the style business, which relies upon inventiveness and development, the innovative individuals must be given opportunity for their work to turn into a hit and not a miss. Base camp guarantee quality control and money related sponsorship for recently obtained brands that have not so distant future potential. LVMH deals with an extremely differentiated item portfolio with star marks in the design and calfskin merchandise and somewhat the watches and adornments brands. They have money dairy animals in the wine and spirits brands and in particular retailing. They have anyway question marks in the aromas and beautifying agents lines. The money bovines hope to remain that way and not become poor mutts because of the agelessness of LVMH’s items in history and their arrangement of star items are broadened and situated in the market in a way that benefits from the industry’s development. As recently referenced, LVMH oversees individuals with a HR division that arranges aptitude creating classes just as between item courses to fortify theâ brand’s theory in its kin and to rouse them to work consistently thusly. 8. As recently noted, LVMH has a quality in its cooperative energies because of its current framework paying little heed to its enhanced brands, recently gained brands, and worldwide nearness where it is entirely expected to shape collaborations in the worth chain so as to have reliable quality and opportune conveyance of items just as keeping up a similar degree of greatness in deals, showcasing, and after deals administrations. Their specific retailing obviously, is the primary purpose behind postponements if there should be an occurrence of surprising levels of popularity and in significant expenses, yet since it doesn't forfeit its center competency in conveying in every case top notch extravagance items. 9. A few cooperative energies that can be distinguished and misused by LVMH incorporate covering innovation over the entirety of its differing organizations including web based business and to actualize innovation advancements into a portion of its brands which have for some time been run in a customary manner. Activities are ordinarily covering because of the idea of extravagance merchandise and this can be additionally misused to incorporate wine and spirits product offerings to remember better collaboration for advertising and deals for this product offering. Extravagance items are ordinarily sold in comparative markets along these lines they can generally request a superior cost since they target premium clients and this will consistently be to the company’s bit of leeway and it ought not withdraw from this evaluating arrangement. This item arrangement and premium value it requests makes it simple for LVMH’s distinctive assorted organizations to cover and strategica lly pitch its various extravagance brands. 10. Bernard Arnault’s expanded methodology and his acquisitions under LVMH have been, by and large, productive and this is clear from the reality the new acquisitions are contributing altogether to the incomes of the organization and the development is continued in existing markets and is sure in new markets. It is typical, when executing such a system, that some vital moves may not generally be productive yet the organization can bear to reassess brands that are not proceeding true to form because of the huge expansion in all offices that the organization appreciates and the existingâ infrastructure and activities chain which won’t be hurt for this situation. The company’s picture is still viewed by the client as it was generally and the world class client can even now identify with its new acquisitions or more all the investors are happy with the financials of the organization along these lines, all things considered, as long the administration is stays neglecting the inventive procedures and the organization fulfills its solid innovative individuals, the system hopes to be continued. 11. LVMH is prescribed to keep adding to its as of now

Blog Archive Mission Admission Book Class Visits and Interviews ASAP!

Blog Archive Mission Admission Book Class Visits and Interviews ASAP! Mission Admission is a series of MBA admission tips; a new one is posted each Tuesday. Although Admissions Committees can anticipate  a rise in applications and thus hire more temporary staff to interview candidates, they can’t increase the number of classes  that applicants can  visit. This year, with more applicants seeking admission, more will seek out a finite number of class visit slots.  So, book your class visits as soon as the opportunity arises (most schools should make the opportunity available in the next week or two) to make sure that you truly experience your target schools and can write about your connection to the schools using a priori information. Similarly, amid a surge in applications, MBA candidates should schedule interviews as soon as  the opportunity becomes available  to ensure that a time is secured. At Tuck and  Kellogg, schools where students can simply go online and book their own time slots, the schedules will fill up quickly. Dont  be left out in the cold. Share ThisTweet Blogroll Mission Admission

Female Body Image and the Mass Media Essay - 931 Words

The media is a fascinating tool; it can deliver entertainment, self-help, intellectual knowledge, information, and a variety of other positive influences; however, despite its advances for the good of our society is has a particular blemish in its physique that targets young women. This blemish is seen in the unrealistic body images that it presents, and the inconsiderate method of delivery that forces its audience into interest and attendance. Women are bombarded with messages from every media source to change their bodies, buy specific products and redefine their opinion of beauty to the point where it becomes not only a psychological disease, but a physical one as well. The issue, as mentioned above, is largely due to the fact that the†¦show more content†¦Anorexia is one such process that is growing in popularity and affecting â€Å"three to five percent of young Canadian women [between the ages of] 14 and 25† (Milne 5). Dr. Joan Johnston, an Edmonton family physician, describes this method as being unhealthy and ineffective and relates to her own experience by stating â€Å"I weigh 133 [pounds], the same as I did before anorexia† and that the â€Å"societal problem†¦is not getting any better†. Women are plagued not only with a psychological issue of achieving a perfect body, as described by the media, but also physical disorders that will plague them for years to come if they continue resorting to certain options. The media also proves its irresponsibility towards women as it advertises various products or treatments for those who wish to achieve a specific body image. Some of these products, such as the proven medicinal ones, may have the capability of reducing a person’s weight or changing their image, but in many cases false advertisement gets the better of its viewers. Despite this fact many will continue using a product in desperation for a change. Milne confirms this notion when she mentions several statistics that are centered around appearance related topics: â€Å"unhappiness with body image seems to be a national preoccupation†¦70% of Canadian women are preoccupied with their weight†¦[and] 24% of women would give up three years of their life to achieve their weight goals† (Milne 4, 9). Deborah A. Sullivan, author ofShow MoreRelatedRepresentation Of The Female Body Image And The Mass Media1586 Words   |  7 PagesREPRESENTATION OF HOW WOMEN PROMOTE EXCERSISE IN NEW ZEALAND MEDIA AND HOW IT AFFECTS FEMALES Female Body Image and the Mass Media: Perspectives on How Women Internalize the Ideal Beauty Standard Representation of women in the media can change the way that the people of New Zealander’s think of themselves. Media has a powerful ability to reach many people and to influence and direct attitudes of our country’s behaviours and knowledge. - Magazines (the representation of kiwi identity they create)Read MoreFemale Body Image and the Mass Media Essay2272 Words   |  10 Pagescompares her body to the image depicted on Self magazine. She starts nitpicking every part of her body. She looks down at her denim clad- thigh and thinks, â€Å"did my thighs and stomach get bigger than they were this morning? â€Å" Influenced by the depiction of the image of Miranda Kerr, she now views her body as inadequate or ugly. Since she feels that her body is not beautiful and has negative thoughts, Emily seems to have negative body image. This perception of her physical appearance is known as body imageRead MoreFemale Body Image and the Mass Media Essay1577 Words   |  7 Pagesborn, girls are influenced by society as to who they should be, how they should look, and how they should act. Americans believe that women should be to a certain standard; pretty, feminine, and especially, thin. The pressures derive from family, media, and friends. Marge Piercy’s poem, â€Å"Barbie Doll† depicts a girl who was never recognized for her character and spent her life trying to be accepted for who she was, rather than how she looked. We live in a society with rigid gender roles and expectationsRead MoreAnalysis of Article: â€Å"Influence of Mass Media on Body Image and Eating Disordered Attitudes and Behaviors in Females† by Jordi Fauquet, et al.747 Words   |  3 PagesMass media consists of a range of multimedia technologies that have enhanced our way of communication. The media conveys norms and attitudes that socially construct those who are involved. Inadvertently, the media depicts a widely accepted misconception of personal image. â€Å"Influence of Mass Media on Body Image and Eating Disordered Attitudes and Behaviors in Females† reveals the high correlation between media content and females’ idea of beauty. Although the article does not specify on their intendedRead MoreInfluence of American Mass Media Ideals on Body Image and Eating Disorders in the U.S1243 Words   |  5 PagesMass media have an enormous impact on society and how people act, especially in developed countries. How do mass media influence views of body image and the development of eating disorders? People living in countries influenced by Western culture show concern for their appearance or dietary habits daily. This paper will analyze the effect of mass media on the issues of body image and eating disorders in the United States. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-TRRead MoreMass Media s Influence On Society962 Words   |  4 PagesOver the years mass media has become more available and favored by society through avenues such as magazines, television, newspapers, print ads, internet, and including social media. According to U.S. Census Bureau (2007), individuals spend nearly a total of 3,518 hours of their time on mass media outlets. Mass media has become widely popular among individuals, in particularly young adults.73% of U.S adults aged 18–29, have been reported regularly visit at least one of these outlet, and 42% use moreRead MoreMedia s Impact On Media Consumption Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pagesaccess an infinite amount of resources on the internet, 24 hours a day 7 days a week (XXXX). The rapid technological advancements has shifted the consumption of media from television, magazines and billboards to online digital media channels accessed via mobile de vices, creating a ‘bedroom culture’ (Sumner, 2016) for many. The shift in media consumption has particularly been induced by the emergence of Social Networking Sites as well as other online platforms, which have become an integral part ofRead MoreMedia s Effect On Teens986 Words   |  4 PagesThe American media industry generates approximately 600 billion dollars annually through its programming and advertisements. The economic system of the United States and tough market competition have led to a massive media boom, and being the largest industry in the United States in terms of revenue, The media have been successful in corrupting people’s mind, with young teens being the largest group of victims. In the current situation, our economic, social and political decisions are widely beingRead MoreTeenage Girls and Body Image Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesTeenage girls are at an impressionable time in their lives. Mass Media is a key idea in one of the factors of socialization that become important to teenagers. Teenagers look to the media for a sense of entertainment. Whether it is movies, magazines, or even some aspects of social media, teenagers get a lot of influence from the media’s message. The problem with this is the media has a specific way of doing things and can be negative to a susceptible teenage girl. Media’s way of portraying a womanRead MoreThe Media Responsible For Females Essay1679 Words   |  7 PagesIs the media responsible for females, especially youths, for having low self-esteem and lack of confidence? Is the media responsible for the development of eating behaviours and disorders? In a culture with saturated media, the powerful influence upon women and younger girls is a continuous debate. Females of all ages come under immense pressure from the media, friends, partners and even parents to maintain a great body shape. The body images portrayed in the media can then push a female to go

English Phrases for a Business Meeting, Plus Quiz

The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 944 Words

Long ago in the quiet town of Salem Massachusetts, witchcraft was of major concern. Throughout the chaos, keeping your name free from the attention of the village was what the townspeople wanted to do The varying degree of pride throughout the village was overpowering. If you could save yourself by throwing the blame on someone else. The Salem Witch Trials brought which out the The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller, a play about vengeance and greed. The Salem Witch Trials also brought out the opportunities to inflict punishment on one s neighbor, attempt to receive others land, and end any lasting arguments.The Witch Trials brought out everyone s inner greed, jealously and the revenge they yearn to seek. Abigail Williams and Elizabeth Proctor are in constant conflict over John Proctor throughout the play. Elizabeth becomes jealous of Abigail after Abigail interacts with John Proctor. There is evidence of this conflict when the wife of Parris says, You did, you did! You drank a charm to kill John Proctor s wife! You drank a charm to kill Goody Proctor! This shows hows there is some inner jealousy involving Abigail s feelings towards Elizabeth and her relationship with John. Abigail and Elizabeth are in this on-going conflict because Abigail s affair with John. Although John Proctor doesn t feel the same was as Abigail does, Abby, I may think of you softly from time to time. But I will cut off my hand before I ll ever reach for you again. Wipe it out of mind.Show MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, AbigailRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1333 Words   |  6 PagesAs the various characters in The Crucible by Arthur Miller interact, the dominant theme of the consequences of women’s nonconformity begins to slide out from behind the curtains of the play. Such a theme reveals the gripping fear that inundated the Puritans during the seventeenth century. This fear led to the famous witch-hunts that primarily terrorized women who deviated from the Puritan vision of absolute obedience and orthodoxy. Arthur Miller presents his interpretation of the suffering by subtlyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn the English dictionary, there are three definitions of the word crucible. One is a metal container in which metals are mixed and melted. Another is a severe test. But the third definition, and the one that I think fits the best for this book, is a place or situation in which different elements interact to create something new. In my mind, this fits because all of the characters had their little grudges and dirty secrets. But when all th ose seemingly little things interact, they formed somethingRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1285 Words   |  6 Pages Rationale, Morality, Stereotypes, Pressure, Self-Censorship, Unanimity, and Mindguards. Groupthink has also taken place in our history a a country. The play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about a the real-life Salem Witch Trials that happened in 1692 - 1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. Some symptoms of Groupthink found in the Crucible are Rationale, Pressure, and Self-Censorship. The Groupthink symptom, Rationale, is described as when victims of Groupthink ignore warnings: they also collectivelyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experiencesRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller811 Words   |  4 Pages While The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, is only a four act play, it still resembles the format of a five act play. The five-act structure evolved from a three-act structure, which was made famous by Roman Aelius Donatus. Donatus came up with thre e types of plays: Protasis, Epitasis, and Catastrophe. The five-act structure helped to expand the three act structure, mainly made famous by Shakespeare through his many tragedies. Even though The Crucible contains only four acts, it still has the commonRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1052 Words   |  5 PagesBuddy Al-Aydi Ms.Healy English 9 CP 14th October 2014 The Crucible Essay The Crucible was a novel written by Arthur Miller in the 1950’s. It was written in a format of the play, portraying an allegory of the Salem Witch-Hunts led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. The book is known to have a inexplicable plot. This plot is advanced by multiple characters in the book in order to ensure that the reader maintains interest with the material that is being read. The farmer, John Proctor, would be the

Resistance to Change in Public Administration

Question: Case study: Ministry of Trade and Industry of the Republic Of Kosovo. Answer: Introduction Republic of Kosovo is a landlocked country located in the central Balkan Peninsula. Republic of Kosovo is located in southeast Europe and it got its independence from Siberia in the year 2008. Republic of Kosovo has faced various political and economic changes continuously from its time of independence (Selimi and Pristina 2015). A public administration reform strategy was launched by the government of Kosovo in the year 2007, which aimed to cover a period of five years. The group of experts on Public Administration Reform (GERAP) drafted this. Covering the eight main areas of Human resource, communication with citizen, Institutional structure, Management in Public Administration, e-Government, Anti-corruption, Public finance management as well as the Policies and legislation (Zeqiri and Ahmeti 2013). These details were framed under the public administration of Republic of Kosovo, which went through various changes in the past (Selimi and Pristina 2015). These Public administrations of Kosovo and its resistance to change would be studied in the context of Ministry of Trade and Industry of the Republic Of Kosovo (Kume and Leskaj 2015). In this assignment, research methodology would be framed to understand the Resistance to Change in the Public Administration in the Republic of Kosovo in context of the Ministry of Trade and Industry of the Republic Of Kosovo (Ramadani et al. 2015). The topic would be explored and hypothesis would be framed under the research objectives. Problem statement The problem statement of this research is the effect of change in public administration of Republic of Kosovo in the ministry of trade and industry. Research objective Republic of Kosovo had undergone various changes in the Public Administration after its independence. In order to frame out the objectives of the research, various factors like the war, difference between the Serbians and Albanians in context of the ethics, political influence on the public administration in the Republic of Kosovo had been studied. The objectives are given below: To know the current Public administration of Republic of Kosovo To know the change of public administration of Republic of Kosovo from the time of independence To have an idea about the ministry of trade and industry in Republic of Kosovo To know the affect on Ministry of Trade and industry of Kosovo due to the resistant to the change in public administration of Republic of Kosovo Research question The research questions of the above objectives are given below: How is the current Public administration of Republic of Kosovo? How did the public administration of Republic of Kosovo change from the time of independence? How is the ministry of trade and industry in Republic of Kosovo? How do the resistant to change in the public administration of Republic of Kosovo affect the Ministry of Trade and Industry of Kosovo? Hypothesis There is a null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for this research, which is given below: H0: There is no affect on the ministry of Trade and Industry in Republic of Kosovo due to the resistant to change in the public administration. H1: There is affect on the ministry of Trade and Industry in Republic of Kosovo due to the resistant to change in the public administration. Literature review Various factors influence the change in public administration of Republic of Kosovo. According to the viewpoint of Nagy (2015), various factors like political, social, demographic and legal situation prevail in the country. These situations lead to amendments of the policies of public administrations of the country. Post war, the country Republic of Kosovo, faced several major challenges to resolve the resultant crisis. Republic of Kosovo underwent various administrative changes in order to strike a balance in the country. These changes had triggered changes in the ministry of Trade and Industry in Republic of Kosovo. As per the viewpoint of Selimi and Pristina (2015), during the period of post-conflict in Kosovo, new public administration had been built since 1999 until there was a reform in the administration, which was a challenging period for Kosovo. The reform in public administration of Kosovo had been manifested in two ways; firstly with the relation to its structure of its self-development and secondly; with respect to the functions it performs, effects of its work and services offered to the citizens and institutions (Zeqiri and Ahmeti 2013). Kosovo had also implemented technology in their public administration policies. They have implemented e-government in all categories of government fast services. In context of the viewpoint of Nakrois (2015), it was seen that this e-governance had fulfilled citizens daily requirement at any time and at any distance. This reform had also affected the Ministry of trade and industry of Republic of Kosovo. There was change in administration and policies of Ministry of trade and industry of Republic of Kosovo. These reforms had initiated various resistant from the people of Kosovo. The government of Kosovo had made it easier for the foreign investments in their country. Ministry of Trade and Industry had recently met Mr. Gerd Herman Horst, the head of the textile company Bodet Horst GmbH from Germany and they have expressed their interest in investing in Kosovo. According to the viewpoint of SOTIROPOULOS (2013), it was seen that this investment would benefit the people of the country as they would have job opportunities to work under these foreign countries. As per the viewpoint of Miteva-Kacarski (2016), it was found that these were the positive changes in the public administration of Republic of Kosovo. It was seen that these changes took place constantly over the years from the time of birth of this country. Public administration had become an instrument for the government to deal with the general social problems. According to the viewpoint of Mehmeti (2014), there are various problems faced by Republic of Kosovo post declaration of independence in 2008. Republic of Kosovo is the poorest country in Europe and 45% of its population officially lives below the poverty line. 17% of its population are extremely poor as per the records of World Bank. As opined by LonÄ ar (2016), it was found that Republic of Kosovo was economically already weak country. Changes in the public administration were necessary for the growth of the economy of the country. As per the viewpoint of Kume and Leskaj (2015), it was found that the country faced several resistant to the changes in public administrations. Factors like poor economic policies, international sanctions, little access to finances and external trades, and conflicts between various ethnics possessed resistant to the changes in the public administrations. These factors had also triggered changes within the ministry of trade and industry in the Republic of Kosovo. The ministry of trade and industry had reformed its policies in order to upgrade their economy in the upcoming years. The new policies had agitated the people of Republic of Kosovo and they have resisted to the changes in the policies. As opined by Joireman (2016), it was seen that there was a strong increase in 2000 and 2001in the period of post war. This was due to the post war reconstruction and the assistance provided by the foreign countries. This growth was found to be negative in the year 2002. From the period of 2003 to 2011, there was an upward trajectory of the growth despite declination of the foreign assistance to Republic of Kosovo (Aspridis and Petrelli 2016). This upward trajectory growth was due to the change in public administration, which had invited various reforms in the policies of every departments of Republic of Kosovo (Nagy 2015). The trade and Industry department of Republic of Kosovo had also reformed its terms and conditions. This had invited various countries for foreign direct investment. Countries like if Germany invested 292 million; United Kingdom invested 251 million and Slovenia invested 195 million (Fejza et al 2016). Austria invested 133 million; Switzerland invested 115 million; the Netherlands invested 109 million, Albania invested 70 million, Turkey invested 64 million, the United States invested 31 million, and France invested 5 million (Fejza et al 2016). According to the viewpoint of House (2014), it was seen that Foreign Direct Investment contributes a relatively small amount to the economy to Republic of Kosovo, but it possess an important part in the up gradation of the economy of Republic of Kosovo. Resistance to the change in legal and political factors had resulted in slow system of privatisation prior to independence (Miteva-Kacarski 2016). This had hampered in the progress of the Trade and industry for Republic of Kosovo. As per the viewpoint of Jacobs et al. (2013), Republic of Kosovo houses various young workforces who had been exposed to Western European culture and their linguistic standards are high. These qualities of the people of Republic of Kosovo remained unexplored due to the lack of opportunities of the exposure (Zeqiri and Ahmeti 2013). Despite various resistant to the reforms in public administrations, government took various steps to upgrade their policies and increase the economy of the country (Aspridis and Petrelli 2016). Policies were reformed and the Ministry of Trade and Industry of Republic of Kosovo implemented laws to trade with foreign countries and build industry at Republic of Kosovo (Ramadani et al. 2015). These reforms would lead to more of employment and increase the economy of the country in near future. The government of Republic of Kosovo had to make their people understand about the positive sides of the changes in the public administration (HETZMANN 2014). Eradicating the resistance to the change in public administration would help Republic of Kosovo to upgrade their economy further. The citizens of Kosovo require liberalization in their trade so that they can decrease the imbalance in the trade with foreign countries. Recently, there was an agreement between the European Union and future trade preferences that will provide assistance to the trade between Kosovo and European Union (Ramadani et al. 2015). This assistance would help Republic of Kosovo to strengthen their business and upgrade their economy. The CEFTA Agreement Kosovo has been implemented and it is being used by the country to be in a better situation than before. The ministry of Trade and Industry had been trying to change their policies further in order to have an economically stronger country in near future (Selimi and Pristina 2015). Methodology The research methodology of this topic includes collection of data of the Public administration of Republic of Kosovo for types of resistance to change in Kosovo, how had these changes been motivated and the role of management in creating the resistance in the recent years. This also includes analysis of the collected data and its interpretation. Data collection The method of data collection includes collection of both quantitative and qualitative variables about the Public administration of Republic of Kosovo. This includes collection of data about the types of resistance to change in Kosovo, how had these changes been motivated and the role of management in creating the resistance recently (Nakrois 2015). The data would be collected from the government of Republic of Kosovo (Hendriks 2012). Both qualitative and quantitative data would be collected for these variables (Aspridis and Petrelli 2016). Collecting data for these variables would give an idea about trades and industry in Republic of Kosovo and its change over time (Ramadani et al. 2015). This is because the level of trades and industry of any country gives an idea about the types of resistance to change in Kosovo, how had these changes been motivated and the role of management in creating the resistance of the country. Primary data would be used in order to complete the research. Data would be collected by interviewing the citizens of Republic of Kosovo (Cierco 2013). The citizens would be so chosen who not the natives of Republic of Kosovo are. They would be enquired about the types of rsistance they made to the changes in public administration of Kosovo. They would also be asked about the reason behind the rsistance they made to the changes in public administration of Kosovo. The respondents would be enquired about the difference in their cultures they faced, difference in the communications they faced and the change in their work environment they faced after coming to Kosovo for work (Nakrois 2015). The respondents would be enquired about the role of the management in creating the rsistance. Thus, both qualitative and quantitative data would be collected for the above variables. Methods of analysis The data collected for the survey undergo various methods of analysis. The analysis includes qualitative analysis as well as quantitative analysis. Quantitative analysis includes methods of frequency (Selimi and Pristina 2015). The frequency of the each type of rsistance made by the respondents of Republic of Kosovo would be calculated (Beha 2015). The frequency of the methods of motivations of these changes would be counted (Gro 2015). The types of roles played by the management to create the rsistance would also be analysed by the method of frequency. The degree of resistance made by the workers at Republic of Kosovo, the degree of motivation faced for the rsistance and the degree of the involvement of the management in the resistance to change in public administration would be analysed. These analyses would be done by qualitative analysis methods (Gro and Grimm 2014). These frequencies and the qualitative analysis methods would be used for comparative study for further analysis. Data analysis and interpretation The country had faced various resistant to the change in its public administrations and it had changed various policies regarding the trade and industry within the country. These resistant can be political factors or social factors that prevailed in the country (Zeqiri and Ahmeti 2013). The resistant to the changes in the public administration must have affected the trade and industry of Republic of Kosovo, which in turn had affected the economy of the country (Bajraktari et al. 2014). Collection of the qualitative and quantitative data of the variables mentioned above would an idea about types of resistance to change in Kosovo, how these changes had been motivated and the role of management in creating the resistance (Fejza et al 2016). The frequency methods of study would be used to analyse the collected data and this method would provide the idea about the various types of resistance faced by the government due to the change in public administration in context of the ministry of t rade and industry (Arraiza 2014). The extent of the affect of ministry of trade and industry due to the change and resistant of change in public administration for Republic of Kosovo would be understood from the qualitative analysis (Ramadani et al. 2015). Ethical consideration Various ethics would be considered in order to complete the research. These ethics are important in order to abide by the rights of the citizens. The ethical considerations are given below: Consent/ Assent of the government- The primary data collected from interviewing the citizens of Republic of Kosovo, consent of the respondents must be taken in order to use the collected data and publish them in the research (Fejza et al 2016). Without the consent of the citizens, the researcher might fall into legal trouble if he publishes the data in the research. Confidentiality- The researcher must maintain the confidentiality of any information collected from the respondents if the respondents ask him to do so. This maintains the interest of the respondnets and the researcher as well. Honesty- Another important ethical consideration that must be considered while conducting the research is the honesty of the researcher (Ramadani et al. 2015). The researcher should be honest about the aim of his research. The researcher must tell the respondents about the purpose of the collection of data and present the original purpose of the use (Selimi and Pristina 2015). The use of data and the analysis of the data should not be fake and the researcher should be honest in his approach. Openness- The researcher must be open about the pros and cons of the research when he had collected the data from interviewing the respondents. The researcher should also be open about the various risks present in the research and analysis (Ramadani et al. 2015). He should present these risks, pros and cons to the respondents as the data includes the data collected from interviewing the researcher. Not being open about the aim of the research and the reason behind collecting the primary data from the respondents might lead the researcher into legal trouble. Cultural issues- The researcher must consider the data for various cultures present in Republic of Kosovo. The data should be collected from different regions of Republic of Kosovo and he should not be biased while collecting the data (Aspridis and Petrelli 2016). Objectivity- The objectivity of the researcher must be to avoid biasness in the experiments. The researcher must not have any personal or financial interests in the research. The researcher must be sincere and he should strive for consistency in the research (Zeqiri and Ahmeti 2013). Expected outcome and implications The outcome that is expected from this research is that there are various psychological, sociological and organisational factors that had tigered the resistance to the changes in the public administration of Republic of Kosovo. It is expected that some of the employees could have resigned from their company, some had debarred from doing their work, some have thought of speaking with the management to solve the issues while some have thought to take violence. It is expected that the management of trades and industries and the Ministry of Trade and Industry had played a major role in creating the resistance of change in the public administration of the country. It is also expected that the management of trade and industry of Republic of Kosovo did nto motivate their workers prior to the changes. They had implemented the changes and had forced the workers to follow them. Moreover, the communication gap, cultural and psychological differences had created misunderstanding between the mana gement and the workers, which had created the rsistance in change in the public administration in Republic of Kosovo. References Arraiza, J.M., 2014. Language education policies in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia and Kosovo. Aspridis, G. and Petrelli, M., 2016, February. When the EU met the western Balkans: Ready for the wedding?. InAn Elusive Target: The EU Perspective of the Western Balkans(pp. 144-165). Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Co. KG. Bajraktari, A., Petutschnigg, A., Ymeri, M., Candan, Z., Korkut, S., Nunes, L. and Pereira, H., 2014. Forest Resources and Sawmill Structure of Kosovo: State of the Art and Perspectives.Drvna industrija,65(4), pp.323-327. Beha, A., 2015. Disputes over the 15-point agreement on normalization of relations between Kosovo and Serbia.Nationalities Papers,43(1), pp.102-121. Cierco, T., 2013. Public administration reform in Macedonia.Communist and Post-Communist Studies,46(4), pp.481-491. Fejza, A., Kryeziu, Z., Kadrija, K. and Musa, M., 2016. Pharmacy students knowledge and attitudes about antibiotics in Kosovo.Pharmacy practice,14(1). Gro, L. and Grimm, S., 2014. The external-domestic interplay in democracy promotion: a case study on public administration reform in Croatia.Democratization,21(5), pp.912-936. Gro, L., 2015. The journey from global to local: norm promotion, contestation and localisation in post-war Kosovo.Journal of International Relations and Development,18(3), pp.311-336. Hendriks, C.J., 2012. Integrated Financial Management Information Systems: Guidelines for effective implementation by the public sector of South Africa.SA journal of information management,14(1), pp.9-pages. HETZMANN, D., 2014. The status of Kosovo from the Kosovar Albanians point of view.Military Science Review/Hadtudomnyi Szemle,7(3). House, F., 2014. Nations in Transit 2014-Kosovo. Jacobs, G., van Witteloostuijn, A. and Christe-Zeyse, J., 2013. A theoretical framework of organizational change.Journal of Organizational Change Management,26(5), pp.772-792. Joireman, S.F., 2016. External Conditionalities and Institutional Change Constructing Constituencies for the Rule of Law in Kosovo.East European Politics Societies,30(2), pp.315-331. Kume, V. and Leskaj, E., 2015. Beyond Organizational Diagnosis, Comparisons between Albania and Kosovo Case of Tax Directorate.Administratie si Management Public, (24), p.26. LonÄ ar, J., 2016. State-building and local resistance in Kosovo: Minority exclusion through inclusive legislation.Communist and Post-Communist Studies. Mehmeti, V.A.L.B.O.N.A., 2014. Improving the Business Climate of Albania EU Integration as a Surrogate for an Efficient Public Administration and Simplified Legal Framework.Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development,1(1), pp.20-25. Miteva-Kacarski, E., 2016. Analysis of the Trade Relations between Republic Of Macedonia and Republic of Kosovo.Journal of Economics,1(1). Nagy, A., 2015. KOSOVO AS A FUTURE MEMBER OF THE WTO.European Scientific Journal. Nakrois, V., 2015. The Influence of Government Priorities on Public-Administration Reforms in Europe1.NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy,8(1), pp.21-40. Ramadani, V., Gashi, G., Fiti, T. and Humolli, B., 2015. Family Businesses in the Trade Sector: An Examination of a Case Study from Kosovo. InFamily Businesses in Transition Economies(pp. 319-329). Springer International Publishing. Rossi, M., 2014. Ending the impasse in Kosovo: partition, decentralization, or consociationalism?.Nationalities Papers,42(5), pp.867-889. Selimi, B. and Pristina, K., 2015. Illegal Serbian Structures in the Republic of Kosovo Why these structures are illegal and not paralel?. SOTIROPOULOS, D.A., 2013. From an Omnipresent and Strong to a Big and Weak State: Democratization and State Reform in Southeastern.Is Southeastern Europe Doomed to Instability?: A Regional Perspective, p.63. Zeqiri, N. and Ahmeti, F., 2013. Organizational Loyalty and Commitment in Telecommunication Companies: Case of Kosovo.European Journal of Scientific Research (EJSR),115(4). Expected outcome and implications